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Contrary to the non-dominant shoulder, the dominant shoulder’s scapula had a less downward rotation at the resting position and a higher upward rotation at 45° of shoulder abduction. Results: The results showed no significant asymmetry between dominant and non-dominant shoulders in the scapula’s upward rotation at different angles of shoulder abduction. The independent t-test, analysis of variance, and analysis of covariance were used for statistical analysis at the significant level of less or equal to 0.05. The exercise group performed scapular stability-based corrective exercises based on the Gym training principles and following ACSM guidelines for eight weeks. Two digital inclinometers were used to measure the humeral range of motion and scapular upward rotation and scapulohumeral rhythm in resting position, 45°, 90°, and 135° shoulder abduction in scaption plane. The participants were classified according to the Classification Committee of the IWBF, as well as the corresponding national classification from the Islamic Republic of Iran Sports Federation for the Disabled (IRISFD).
#SHOULDER HORIZONTAL ABDUCTION PROFESSIONAL#
WB athletes were professional players in Mashhad City league, Iran. Thus, the control and experimental groups were present in an equal number of three sport classes. Then, four subjects in each group were randomly assigned to each group (12 control subjects with Mean±SD age of 43.23☑1.0 years and 12 experimental subjects with Mean±SD age of 39.08±5.08 years). Initially, eight players were selected from each sport class (1 to 1.5 class, 2 to 2.5 class, and 3 to 4.5 class). Materials & Methods: According to the research conditions, 24 wheelchair basketball athletes with spinal cord injury voluntarily participated in this study. Objective The present study aimed to investigate the effect of scapular stability-based corrective exercise program on scapular upward rotation and scapulohumeral rhythm in Wheelchair Basketball (WB) players with bilateral scapular downward rotation syndrome. Therefore, deep cervical flexor muscle and the pectoralis minor muscle were not impaired in patients with subacromial pain syndrome and did not show a relationship with self-reported measures. There was no statistically significant correlation between clinical tests and patient self-reported measures. The deep neck muscle function presented no statistical difference between patients and controls (χ2 = 4.319 p = 0.504). Pectoralis minor length of the patient's group (median = 9.0) was similar to the controls (median = 9.7) (U = 421.5 p = 0.22). Participants filled the Numerical Pain Rating Scale, the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index and performed the clinical tests which were compared between patients and controls. This is a case-control study with 32 patients with subacromial pain syndrome and 32 controls matched for age, sex, handedness, and affected side. Secondarily, this study aimed to analyze the relationship of clinical tests with pain and disability among patients. This study aimed to compare the deep cervical flexor muscle function and the shortening of the pectoralis minor between patients with subacromial pain syndrome and controls. Movement system diagnostic classification can advance and streamline practice if considered while recognizing the inherent movement variability across individuals.Ĭervical disorders and the shortening of the pectoralis minor are advocated to play an important role in patients with subacromial pain syndrome, despite the absence of evidence. This framework has potential for broad development and application across musculoskeletal physical therapist practice. A previously introduced movement system diagnostic framework is proposed and updated with application to shoulder conditions. These labels avoid some disadvantages of tissue specific pathoanatomic labels, but are not specific enough to direct treatment. For example non-specific low back pain or shoulder pain of unknown origin. Replacement of pathoanatomic labels with non-specific regional pain labels has been proposed, and occurs frequently in clinical practice. While pathoanatomic diagnoses are common and traditional in orthopaedic practice, they often are limited with regard to directing best practice physical therapy intervention. Diagnosis is pattern recognition that can result in categories of conditions that ideally direct treatment. Diagnostic classification is a foundational underpinning of providing care of the highest quality and value.